Most of the web applications developed today uses struts as their building tool. Struts 2 1 model view controller or mvc as it is popularly called, is a software design pattern for developing web applications. A thirdparty extension, struts testcase, offers a set of mock object for struts 1. I recently purchased a struts manual that includes 1. This framework is designed to streamline the full development cycle from building, to deploying and maintaining applications over time. Because of this, two next generation frameworks are being developed within the project. In this section, we are going to compare the various features between the two frameworks. Although spring mvc and struts are two popular web application frameworks used for developing java ee web applications, they have their differences. The wrapper class provides the expected calls to the legacy struts 1 action and actionform, converting. I have an application that currently is implemented using struts 1. Model the lowest level of the pattern which is responsible for maintaining data. Apache struts 2 was originally known as web work 2.
To deploy struts application in tomcat, these libraries must be available to tomcat. Struts 1 plugin apache struts 2 wiki apache software. What is the difference between struts and spring mvc. The wrapper class provides the expected calls to the legacy struts 1 action and actionform, converting incoming and outgoing objects into the. To my surprise, struts 2 seems to be completely different than struts 1 framework, because some of the most familiar stuff like actionform, struts config. Key features struts tools for a start, we propose you to look through the table of main features of struts tools. View this is responsible for displaying all or a portion of the data to the user. Why struts 2, introduction to struts framework, struts.
Apache struts 2 is an opensource web application framework for developing java ee web applications. Apache struts 2 is an elegant, extensible framework for creating enterpriseready java web applications. It uses and extends the java servlet api to encourage developers to adopt a modelviewcontroller mvc architecture. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. The problem with struts1 is that it uses the abstract classes rather than interfaces. Struts1 actions are singletons and must be thread safe since there will only be one instance of a class to handle all requests for that action. Also struts 1 soon became the defacto standard for javabased web application development in the meantime the struts community has focused on pushing the struts 2 framework forward, with as many as 23 releases as of april 20.
Similar to struts 1, an action returns a string result that is matched against an entry in struts. Apache struts 1 is an opensource web application framework for developing java ee web applications. Other main difference between struts 1 and struts 2 is configuration files. Migrating from struts 1 to struts 2 raible designs. Difference between struts and spring mvc compare the. Struts 2, in many respects, represents a significant improvement over struts 1. Key functionality of struts tools feature benefit struts support stepbystep wizards for creating a new struts project with a number of predefined templates, importing existing ones and. In struts 2 action objects are instantiated for each and every request so thread safety is not a big issue in struts 2.
You know what, struts 2 is not an extension of struts 1, its the combination of struts 1 and webwork2 some features taken from struts1 and some from webwork2 and finally released this struts2 frame work. It was originally created by craig mcclanahan and donated to the apache foundation in may 2000. Struts 2 framework tutorial session 1 introduction to struts 2 framework part 1 duration. In part 2 we started converting a real application including actions and configuration. Struts 2 provides a base actionsupport class to implement commonly used interfaces. Binding values into views struts 1 uses the standard jsp mechanism for binding objects into the page context for access. Struts 2 can use jstl, but the framework also supports a more powerful and flexible expression language called object graph notation language ognl. It has a lot of advantages when compared to other mvc web based frameworks.
Struts1 extends the abstract base class by its action class. However, over time, model 2 has been accepted as the best way for building jspbased web applications and, as youll see, is the inspiration for mvcbased web frameworks like struts. In fact, spring mvc was developed in order to address few limitations in struts version 1. The singleton strategy places restrictions on what can be done with struts 1 actions and requires extra care to develop. As previously mentioned, this article will attempt to provide a comparison of struts 1 and struts 2 by comparing the code used to develop the same application with each framework. Action resources must be threadsafe or synchronized. This plugin provides a generic struts 2 action class to wrap an existing struts 1 action, org. Comparing the struts 1 and struts 2 web application. Binding values into views struts 1 uses the standard jsp mechanism for binding objects into the page context for. Struts 2 replaces actionforward objects with result objects. Spring mvc evolves all the time and has a support that stru.
The runtime libraries are kept in subdirectory lib, which includes 71 jarfiles. Struts 1 a major hurdle to testing struts 1 actions is that the execute method exposes the servlet api. Difference between struts 1 and struts 2 javatutoronline. What is the difference between struts 1 vs struts 2. Simpler controller and bean definitions jsf does not require your controller and bean classes to. Struts has outgrown its reputation as a simple web framework and has become more of a brand. While in struts 2, an action class implements an action interface, along with other interfaces use optional and custom services. Difference between struts 1 and struts 2 web development.
Struts 2 hello world example with annotations and without. Struts for internationalisation we will use struts to display predefined texts in the default language of the user. This limits the usefulness of struts in complex systems where reusability of code is must. We need to use struts2conventionplugin api to use any of these methodologies. Struts 2 is one of the most popular web application frameworks which is developed with pullmvc pattern as its base. Model 1 architecture overview the model 1 architecture is very simple, as you can see in figure 1 1.
Struts 2 supports creating different lifecycles on a per action basis via interceptor stacks. Im not looking to get into a discussion here on which book is best, etc. Harvesting input struts 1 uses an actionform object to capture input. Any pojo object with an execute signature can be used as an struts 2 action object. In case of struts 2, actions are not container dependent because they are made simple pojos. Struts 2 framework tutorial session 1 introduction to. Struts has very rigid inheritance structure, so it limits the reusability of code. Struts, continued expression language th jsf i l i i dthe jsf expression language is more concise and powerful than the struts bean. To my surprise, struts 2 seems to be completely different than struts 1 framework, because some of the most familiar stuff like actionform, strutsconfig.
It is available in a full distribution, or as separate library, source, example and documentation distributions. For example, you can pull the form data directly from the action class actions have stuck around for struts 2. In part 1 we looked at the high level architecture and basic diffferences between struts and struts 2 apps. This tutorial lists the difference between struts 1 and struts 2. Is there a godd reference site that has the difference between 1. Struts logic tags are conditional tags that replaces scriptlets in the jsp files. A model view controller pattern is made up of the following three parts. History of struts in this section we will see the history of web application and history of struts. Below is how your two actions in defecttracker are configured in. Struts 2 actions can be tested by instantiating the action, setting properties, and invoking methods. Dependency injection support also makes testing simpler.
Also difference between struts 1 and struts 2 is a good candidate to include in my list of struts interview question for quick revision. Struts 2 tutorial gives an overview of how the request is processed in. The standard lots of struts jobs lots of information and examples html tag library is one of the best cons. The struts 1 plugin allows you to use existing struts 1 actions and actionforms in struts 2 applications. Migrating from struts 1 to struts 2 linkedin slideshare. The webwork framework spun off from apache struts 1 aiming to offer enhancements and refinements while retaining the same general. Now, the latest release of struts was in the market and there is a demanding need to migrate the old applications developed with struts to new struts release in order to. Struts 2 uses two methodologies to find out the action classes and result classes.
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